Parashas Eikev

At the beginning of this week’s parashah, Moshe transmits Hashem’s reassurances to Klal Yisrael not to fear the Canaanite nations they will be battling as they conquer Eretz Yisrael.

He reminds them of the “Mighty Hand and Outstretched Arm” with which Hashem had taken them from Egypt and of the many miracles they had experienced since then, and Hashem’s pledge to do the same for them as they take control of the Land.

Wonderful. Great. Yetzias Mitzrayim was a magnificent one-day event (even with the makkos it took a year). They had made short shrift of Sichon and Og. So they would take over Eretz Yisrael quickly, right?

Not quite.

Hashem will remove these nations from before you very slowly, you cannot destroy them quickly, for the animals of the field may overcome you… In fact, it was a process that would take seven years.

Klal Yisrael was now changing tracks, from a Nation living on constant open miracles to a Nation living on a different plane. As Rashi (v. 22) explains, if the Jews were not to sin, they would have been able to overtake the Land quickly. But Hashem foresaw that this was not to be.

So the Torah tells us – in advance: It will take time. It may not go smoothly. But be assured, Hashem’s Mighty Hand and Outsretched Arm are there.

The seven-year conquest of the Land is no less Hashem’s guiding Hand than the instant victories over Sichon and Og. The Maker of all miracles is bringing this all about, and it’s for your benefit.

What a message of encouragement!

Whatever the challenge, if we are doing what is right, Hashem is with us, controlling the progress and the outcomes. We may not feel his presence, but He is there. It may take time and there may appear to be setbacks, but it is all His doing. We may not understand it, but it if for our benefit.

In the merit of our bitachon, may we merit to see His open berachos and yeshuos.

Gut Shabbos.

Parashas Va'Eschanan - Shabbos Nachamu

Parashas Va’eschanan is always read on Shabbos Nachamu, “the Shabbos of Consolation” that follows Tisha B’Av. Indeed, our parashah recounts our receiving the Torah, offering inspiration and strength as we recover from our national tragedy of churban Bayis.

Why, then, does the Torah begin with the discouraging and disconcerting episode of Hashem’s refusing to allow Moshe to enter Eretz Yisrael?

One lesson may be that, when we face Hashem’s punishment and wrath, we not be dejected, but move forward in the knowledge that He still loves us.

There were 6 arei miklat, cities of refuge, where one who killed accidentally could run for haven. Three were located in Trans-Jordan – where the Jews were encamped at the time of this parashah – and three were in the mainland of Eretz Yisrael, which was not conquered until years later. Although those in Trans-Jordan would not be functional until those in Eretz Yisrael were established, later on in the parashah, Moshe establishes the three cities he could. He wasn’t disheartened – he moved on, doing what he could. Klal Yisrael would go on, and he would be as much a part of it as possible.

The seventh day of our shivah for Tisha B’Av is Tu B’av. The culmination of the most awesome period of the Jewish year is Yom Kippur.

And it is those very days that were the most festive days on the calendar, celebrated by maidens going out to attract husbands (Taanis 26b).

We sit homebound and overcome by mourning. We quake in fear as we stand in judgment before the

Heavenly Court

. But we do not remain paralyzed. We emerge – we “go out” – confident in a brighter future, a future represented by building new homes and families.

It is a future grounded in our abiding faith in the One Above – to Whose justice we were just subject.

As we emerge from the mourning of this year’s Tisha B’Av, may we go forward to achieve and accomplish all that we can, confident in a bright future for Klal Yisroel and in the hope that next year we will celebrate Tisha B’Av b’vias goel.

Gut Shabbos.

Parashas Devarim - Shabbos Chazon

This week’s haftorah, which is read in the mournful chant of Eichah, is, with the possible exception of that of Tishah B’Av, the haftorah I find most terrifying.

Yeshayahu vividly describes Hashem’s utter rejection of klal Yisroel, His revulsion at their attempts at avodah. They seem to be doing mitzvos, but they are doing them all wrong.

Suddenly, in middle, the navi changes his tone – as reflected in our own change of tune to that of the standard haftorah:  רַחֲצוּ הִזַּכּוּ...אִם יִהְיוּ חֲטָאֵיכֶם כַּשָּׁנִים כַּשֶּׁלֶג יַלְבִּינוּ..., Wash yourselves, become purified…if your sins will be as red strings, they will become as white as snow….

But it lasts for only several verses before it once again turns mournful – If you refuse... – and the litany of woe resumes.

Then, the tone changes again, this time with no apparent reason. The navi describes the corruption of the self-appointed leaders and judges, and suddenly turns around, ending with a message of hope and redemption: לָכֵן נְאֻם הָאָדוֹן ד' צְבָקוֹת אֲבִיר יִשְׂרָאֵל הוֹי אֶנָּחֵם מִצָּרַי וְאִנָּקְמָה מֵאוֹיְבָי. וְאָשִׁיבָה יָדִי עָלַיִךְ...צִיּוֹן בְּמִשְׁפָּט תִּפָּדֶה וְשָׁבֶיהָ בִּצְדָקָה., Therefore – the Word of the Lord, Hashem, Master of Legions, Might of Israel – O! I will be relieved of My oppressors and be avenged of My enemies. I will return My Hand over you …  Zion will be redeemed through justice, and its captives through charity.

What “therefore” precipitates this turnaround – the corruption and vice?

The Gemara (Berachos 17a) cites R’ Alexandri who would beseech Hashem: “It is known to You that we want to do Your Will. What holds us back? ‘The leaven in the dough’ (the Yetzer Hara) and the oppression of the nations, May it be Your Will that you save us from them and will return to perform Your Service wholeheartedly.”

Perhaps the message is that, at the very end, there will come times when everything will have run completely amok; when the situation seems beyond repair.

Therefore, says Hashem, this is the point at which I have to intervene. I will relieve Myself of My oppressors (the nations that oppress Klal Yisrael) and avenge myself of My enemies (the Yetzer Hara who dissuades people from serving Hashem).

When He does that, we will all begin to serve Him wholeheartedly, so that He returns His hand over us, and that Yerushalayim is once again called the City of Righteousness, the Faithful Village.

May we merit His Kindness, so that we can spend this Tuesday celebrating together in the streets of Yerushalayim.

Gut Shabbos.

Parashas Masei

In this week’s parashah, we are taught that if a person kills accidentally, he must go to an ir miklat, a City of Refuge, where he remains until the death of the Kohen Gadol. One reason to link the murderer’s freedom to the Kohen Gadol’s death, according the gemara (Makkos 11a, and cited by Rashi here), is that if the Kohen Gadol would have prayed adequately well, no one would have killed / been killed on “his watch.”

But the responsibility to protect others is not limited to the Kohen Gadol.

The gemara there recounts that a man was devoured by a lion about 8 miles from the home of R’ Yehoshua ben Levi. Because R’ Yehoshua’s prayers had not been adequate to protect the person from this horrible fate, Eliyahu Hanavi, who apparently regularly visited R’ Yehoshua, did not visit him for three days.

In our own times, a boy was hit by a car in front of Mesivtha Tifereth Jerusalem. When they ran into the Beis Midrash told the Rosh Hayeshiva, Rav Moshe Feinstein, that a Jewish boy had been hit, he replied that the boy was not Jewish.

“But Rosh Yeshivah, I just saw his yarmulka lying next to him in the street,” a man said; but Rav Moshe insisted that the boy was not a Jew.

It soon emerged that it was, in fact, a non-Jewish teenager who had been harassing a Jewish boy. The Jewish boy ran away and the teenager gave chase. The victim’s yarmulka fell off as he ran and he was afraid to stop to pick it up. The teenager was hit by the car just where the yarmulka had fallen off.

When Reb Moshe was asked how he knew that the teenager was not Jewish, he said, “I was studying Torah in the yeshivah at the time. It is inconceivable that this could have happened to a Jewish child right outside.”

The truth is, each one of us has the ability, through our tefillos and actions, to impact the fate of others and even the entire world. The gemara (Kiddushin 40a-b) tells us that each one of us, through a single action, can tip the scales.

Last Shabbos afternoon (Parashas Mattos) a girl at the Skverer girls camp came into her bunkhouse and announced that her bunkmates had to hear what some other girl had done.

One of the other girls asked if it would be lashon hara, and the girl about to retell the story paused, grappling with whether she should continue. (Of couse, one girl shouted: “Why did you have to say that before she told the story?”) Another bunkmate then piped up, “You know, my father needs a yeshuah. Maybe don’t say the story as a zechus for him.” Indeed, the girl did not tell the story.

That night, when the girl whose father was not well called home, she learned that her father had suddenly awaken from a weeks-long coma on Shabbos afternoon, just about the time the girl refrained from sharing the story. The story was told to me Wednesday night, by the father of the bunk’s counselor who was present for the exchange and when the girl shared the good news. The family agreed that the story be spread as a zechus for the father, Yehoshua by Liba Yocheved, who has a way to go before he achieves a refuah sheleimah.

The lesson is that the power we have to influence and impact others is immeasurable to us. May we be zocheh to use it properly.

Gut Shabbos.

Parashas Mattos

At the beginning of last week’s parashah, Hashem began to tell Moshe to carry out a war of attrition against Midian, avenging that nation’s having hired Balaam to curse the Jews and their subsequent successful campaign to entice the Jews to sin.
The Torah then digressed to teach the tell of the division of the Land – which would be the result of them vanquishing Midian, and then the korbanos Mussaf (the special additional Festival offerings), which they would bring once they were in Eretz Yisrael (see Ramban).
 
This week’s parashah returns to the war…but it first teaches the rules of nedarim, colloquially referred to as “promises,” where someone prohibits something to himself.

How the laws of nedarim fit in here? 

Ramban (Vayikra 22:18) notes that people often make nedarim as a source of merit when they are in times of distress. According to this, the Torah was giving the soldiers going to war a weapon to garner extra spiritual protection.

It is also possible that the Torah teaches this here to highlight that anything that can be used negatively can – and should – be used positively. 

Balaam sought to use his power of speech to curse the Jews. That speech would have invoked Divine wrath to wreak destruction. Nedarim teach us that Man, through his speech, has the power to sanctify. Man can take an everyday object and, with a few words, create a Torah prohibition against using that object.

Furthermore, although the Torah generally discourages the use of nedarim, it tells us that one should use it as a tool to distance himself from sin – כל הרואה סוטה בקלקולה יזיר עצמו מן היין, one who sees a sotah in her disgrace should [declare himself a nazir to] distance himself from wine.

Thus, the discussion of nedarim addresses the two threats posed by Midian and power every person has to overcome the spiritual challenges represented by that nation, a critical component of the war to be waged against them.

May Hashem grant us the wisdom and the strength to properly use the tools He has us. 

Gut Shabbos.

Parashas Balak

This week’s parashah goes into great detail as it recounts the story of Bilaam’s recruitment by Balak and his trip to curse the Bnei Yisrael.

As we study these pesukim, we are astonished by Bilaam’s apparent delusion, denial and cognitive dissonance.

After all, this fellow’s a prophet, and Hashem told him not to go. Then he negotiates with a donkey. And when he’s confronted by an angry angel holding a sword blocking his way, he asks “would you like me to turn around?” [“No of course not, I always look like this when I want to encourage people.”]

Chazal exposit these details – some of which are cited by Rashi – to give us an even more incredible portrait of the man.

He truly embodied man’s worst attributes.

But forget about Bilaam’s personality, why is the Torah going to such great lengths to tell us all this?

When a “new king who did not know of Yosef” became Pharaoh in Egypt and began to torment the Jews, Chazal debate whether it was truly a new Pharaoh, or if the old king simply took a new approach to things (Shemos 1:8).

Rav Moshe Feinstein suggests that the basis of this disagreement is whether, in fact, it is possible for a person could become as debased as the second opinion suggests – could a man whose kingdom was saved, then enriched and expanded by Yosef then turn around and murder Yosef’s family.

If it is possible, says Rav Moshe, then each one of us has to vigilant to ensure that we don’t fall into a similar trap, on our own level.

Perhaps the Torah is telling us the same thing here: There may be a little bit of Bilaam in each one of us. A touch of that smugness; a tad of the arrogance; a trace of the cognitive dissonance.

The Torah highlights Bilaam’s flaws so that, in their reflection, we may find, and correct, our own.

May Hashem help us that we rid ourselves of the middos of Bilaam, and achieve the middos Chazal present as their counterpoint, the middos of Avrohom Avinu.

Gut Shabbos.

Parashas Chukas

This week’s parashah begins with the laws of Parah Adumah, the red cow used to cleanse those who were t’mei’ei meis.

Why did the Torah choose to teach us this halachah at this point? It would seem that it was actually taught – and the Parah Adumah was brought – earlier, because we find that when the Bnei Yisrael were commanded to bring the Korban Pesach, some of them were impure. The Gemara (Succah 25b) tells us that their “eighth day,” the day on which they would have been able to bring the Korban Pesach – presumably the day after their second sprinkling with the ashes of the Parah Adumah – was a day after the korban was brought.

In last week’s parashah, following Korach’s uprising, we find that Hakadosh Baruch Hu  showed Klal Yisrael that He had in fact selected Moshe and Aharon for theit leadership roles. This responded to Korach’s primary complaint.

But Korach had done more.

He had publically mocked and derided the halachos Moshe had taught, insisting that they made no sense (see Rashi, 16:2).

Hashem therefore placed this parashah here: זֹאת חֻקַּת הַתּוֹרָה אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה ד' לֵאמֹר, These are the decrees that Hashem taught,  and as Rashi comments: There are those who will mock you… but this is a decree from me, and you  have no right to doubt it.

The laws are not Moshe’s, they are from Hashem. And He, in His Wisdom, issued them.

Even as we explore the taamei hamitzvos and the lessons we can learn from them, we must always remember that, in their essence, they are inscrutable to the human mind.

This parashah is the end of Hashem’s response to Korach, and it should echo to us, as we confront the mockery of Korach’s many contemporary heirs who deride the teaching of the Torah as transmitted by our chachamim.

May we be zocheh to the geulah sheleimah, when  all the Torah’s secrets will be laid before us to understand.

Gut Shabbos.